Abstract
B.1.2 Abstract Natural ecosystems harbour a great diversity of species. Theory predicts that functional interactions create niches that together stabilise the community. However, these predictions have not been rigorously tested experimentally, because in most ecosystems functional interactions are too complex to study in a controlled setting. Here, we propose to use the relatively simple microbial communities of Mabisi, a traditional Zambian fermented milk product, to study the ecological and evolutionary stability of microbial ecosystems. Using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, we will establish frequencies of species in Mabisi and map its microbial composition to the functional role of each species (i.e. niche mapping). We will then experimentally test three predictions derived from the niche theory, namely that community structure and performance depend (a) on species composition, (b) on resources availability and the environment, and (c) on prior interactions between species. To substantiate the results of laboratory experiments, we will analyse natural microbial communities in locally propagated Mabisi in Zambia. This analysis will enable us to revise the current eco-evolutionary models. Successful pilot experiments give us confidence that our work will allow experimental testing of niche theory predictions and will provide insight on what links species composition and functionality of the community. Furthermore, our project is of high societal relevance as it both helps to standardise the techniques for traditional food preparation and is a showcase on how fundamental science can contribute to international development.
Netherlands