Abstract
Key Customer Purpose: The primary user of this research will be Defra policy team, to provide evidence for setting targets for the implementation of Good Environmental Status (GES) under Descriptor 11 (marine noise) of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). In order to evaluate at which key lifecycle stages species are more susceptible to noise impacts. It will feed into the model being created under ME5205. It may also aid in providing evidence to underpin licensing decisions that sometimes require conditions such as stopping of piling work etc at certain times of year, coinciding with spawning or migration of certain marine species.