Abstract
Genetic variation is a prerequisite for any population's ability to adapt to a changing environment. Small and fragmented populations are signified by low levels of genetic variation and are thus less able to adapt. In this project we will focus on the detrimental effects of habitat fragmentation and isolation that tend to erode genetic variation in natural populations using toad populations of three species. We want to study genetic variation in the unusual way of not only using neutral genetic markers but contrast such findings with data from selected loci (MHC) and additive quantitative genetic variation. We propose several avenues to address questions about genetic variation, small population size, inbreeding and extinction risk. The ultimate goal of the research is to study aspects of habitat fragmentation and its role for loss of genetic variation in natural populations. Such aspects include isolation, population size, gene flow barriers other than distance, mating system and divergent selective pressures. We want to understand under what circumstances populations go extinct or when they manage to adapt and survive. Furthermore, we want to understand what aspects of genetic variation are important for preserving biodiversity. Is neutral genetic variation a sufficient target in biodiversity research or do genetic variation at loci determining ecologically important traits show different patterns?
Sweden